China's Earliest "Palace" Discovered at the Shuanghuaishu Site
双槐树遗址发现中国最早“宫殿”
Recognized as the embryo of early Chinese civilization by experts and scholars, the ancient "Heluo Kingdom" dating back around 5,300 years was discovered at the Shuanghuaishu site in Gongyi of Zhengzhou in May 2020 and provided key proof of the origins of Chinese civilization.
去年5月，在巩义双槐树遗址发现了距今5300年左右的“河洛古国”，填补了中华文明起源关键时期、关键地区的关键材料，被专家学者称为“早期中华文明的胚胎”。
After continuous archaeological excavations, 4,300-square-meter rammed-earth foundations for building complex and large courtyards were newly discovered at the Shuanghuaishu site, indicating that the ancient "Heluo Kingdom" with the characteristics of early Chinese palatial architecture was really a precedent in the shape and structure of this kind of architecture in history, which can be called China's earliest "palace", according to Zhengzhou Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology on January 13.
1月13日，记者从郑州市文物考古研究院获悉，经过持续的考古发掘，“河洛古国”新发现了4300平方米夯土建筑群基址、大型院落布局，已初具中国早期宫室建筑的特征，开古代大型宫殿式建筑形制之先河，堪称中国最早的“宫殿”。
Located on the tableland of the south Shuanghuaishu village of Gongyi's Heluo town, the Shuanghuaishu site covers an area of 1.17 million square meters, where three (outer, middle and inner) large ring trenches, rigidly planned public graveyards, rammed-earth foundations for large courtyards, large residential compounds in the center, walls with the earliest Wengcheng (enclosure for defense outside a city gate) structure and large rammed-earth foundations and altars built by stamping earth between board frames were found here.
双槐树遗址位于巩义市河洛镇双槐树村南部的高台地上，现存面积达117万平方米，发现有仰韶文化中晚期阶段三重大型环壕、严格规划的公共墓地、大型院落夯土基址、大型中心居址、具有最早瓮城结构的围墙、版筑的大型夯土地基、夯土祭坛等。
According to Sun Yingmin, head of Henan Provincial Society of Cultural Heritage and Archaeology, judgying from the existing remains, the palatial structures of the ancient "Heluo Kingdom" directly influenced the layout of the later capitals during the Xia and Shang dynasties, such as the Taosi site in Shanxi's Linfen city and the Erlitou site in Henan's luoyang city, and can be considered as the origin of ancient capital regulations.
河南省文物考古学会会长孙英民认为，从发现的三重环壕等遗存现象看，双槐树遗址的宫寝宫宇“礼制”布局直接影响了此后的陶寺和二里头等夏商都城规划布局，找到了历史时期都城规制的源头。
"Hundreds of remains and sites during the Yangshao Culture period scattered in Zhengzhou, Luoyang and on both sides of the Yellow River near the Shuanghuaishu area show that the Shuanghuaishu was the political center of the entire Huaxia people (Huaxia usually refers to the Chinese nation and civilization) at that time or so-called 'Huangdi era', so it is no exaggeration to say that the ancient 'Heluo Kingdom' is a Huaxia orthodoxy," said Sun Yingmin.
“围绕双槐树周边的郑洛地区、黄河两岸星罗棋布的同期数百处仰韶遗存和城址，拱卫着都邑‘双槐树’，显示出双槐树是这一时期华夏集团的政治中心，而这个时期正处在历史传说中的‘黄帝时代’，因此，可以毫不夸张地说，双槐树‘河洛古国’是华夏正脉。”孙英民说。
The spatial planning of the large residential compounds, building complex and courtyards also has been believed to inspire the layout of such ancient large palatial architectures as No. 1 courtyard of the Lushanmao site in Shaanxi's Yan'an city, foundations of the Guchengzhai site in Henan's Xinmi city, No. 1 and No. 2 palace remians of the Erlitou site in Henan's luoyang city.
专家认为，双槐树遗址大型中心居址、大型建筑群以及大型院落的空间组织形式，也为芦山峁大营盘梁一号院落，古城寨廊庑基址，二里头遗址一号、二号宫殿等中国古代大型宫殿式建筑形制开了先河。（中文来源/河南日报 翻译/赵汉青 审校/李文竞）