What Are the Highlights of Henan's Wheat This Year?

What Are the Highlights of Henan's Wheat This Year?

今年河南小麦，有哪些亮点？

In Henan, the term "summer grain crops" mainly refers to wheat. What are the highlights of Henan's wheat this year? According to Zheng Kai from the Survey Office of the National Bureau of Statistics in Henan, there are three highlights:

就河南来说，夏粮主要是指小麦。今年小麦有啥亮点？国家统计局河南调查总队农业调查处负责人郑凯介绍，主要有三大亮点：

Highlight 1

亮点1

As a Chinese saying goes, adequate rain in previous summer brings good wheat harvest. With a precipitation of 228.5 mm last September, Henan's vast majority of wheat fields enjoyed sufficient soil moisture, thus benefiting the growth of wheat. Besides, the total sowing area of wheat was expanded. 

俗话说“麦收隔年墒”，去年9月份降水量228.5毫米，绝大部分麦田底墒充足，有利于苗全、苗齐、苗匀。另外，播量普遍增加。

Wheat harvest in Henan. [Photo: Zhang Zhonghai for Dahe Daily]

Although the sowing date was postponed in Henan last year, the sowing was still done in proper time with 3 kilograms increased per mu (1 mu equals about 666 square meters), thus ensuring sufficient wheat supply. Accumulated temperature also increased before and in winter. From mid-October to the period of wheat starting to green up, the average temperature in Henan was higher than usual with an accumulated temperature rising more than 100 degrees Celsius, offsetting the deficiency of accumulated temperature of late sowing wheat.

去年我省小麦播期整体推迟，但绝大多数麦田在适播期下限之前完成播种，全省平均亩播量增加3公斤左右，基本苗足，满足成穗数需要。此外，冬前及冬季积温增加。10月中旬至返青，全省平均气温较常年偏高，积温增加100℃以上，利于补偿晚播小麦积温不足，促进生长。

Highlight 2

亮点2

"The grain number per spike increased a lot over the last year," said Zheng Kai. It was due to the prolonged differentiation of young panicles. The high temperature and moisture before and in winter not only helped wheat to survive safely, but also prolonged their spike differentiation. 

“穗粒数较上年增加不少，这是第二个亮点。”郑凯说。这得益于幼穗分化时间延长。冬前及冬季气温偏高、墒情适宜，不仅利于安全越冬，而且延长了冬季穗分化时间。

Wheat harvest in Henan. [Photo: Zhang Zhonghai for Dahe Daily]

Besides, with relatively stable and suitable temperature, there was no freezing injuries caused by extreme low temperature. Timely water and fertilizer applications reduced the degradation of spikelets.

另外，春季基本没有出现低温冻害。春季气温相对稳定、较为适宜，没有出现极端低温导致冻害发生，同时肥水管理及时，减少了小穗小花退化。

Highlight 3

亮点3

Rare pests and diseases contributed greatly to thousand-kernel weight of wheat. Besides, large-scale pest and disease prevention and treatment protected root vigor and leaf functions of wheat, benefiting their growth during the grain-filling stage in which 20 to 22 degrees Celsius is the best. The average temperature of Henan in May was 20.9 degrees Celsius with distinct temperature differences between day and night. In addition, the weather was not too dry nor too hot, thus extending the grain-filling stage by 3.4 days on average.

第三个亮点是，千粒重好于预期。这得益于病虫害发生轻。大规模统防统治，减轻了病虫害，保护了根系活力和叶片功能，有利于籽粒灌浆；灌浆强度增加。小麦籽粒灌浆最适宜的日平均气温为20℃～22℃，进入5月之后，全省平均气温20.9℃，且昼夜温差大，提高了灌浆强度。灌浆时间延长。

Wheat harvest in Henan. [Photo: Zhang Zhonghai for Dahe Daily]

In addition, the weather was not too dry nor too hot, thus extending the grain-filling stage by 3.4 days on average.

“一喷三防”实现全覆盖，加之没有干热风天气出现，延长了小麦灌浆时间，平均延长3.4天。（中文来源/大河报·豫视频 记者/王新昌 编译/赵汉青 杨佳欣 海报/王君艺 审校/陈行洁）