Henan, Where China Began丨Jiahu site, where Chinese civilization starts
何以中国 行走河南丨贾湖遗址：中华文明的星火从这里点燃
Located in Jiahu village of Luohe city, Central China's Henan province, Jiahu site, once a Neolithic settlement some 7,500 to 9,000 years ago, covers an area of 55 thousand square meters, where abundant well-preserved cultural remains have been unearthed. The unearthed relics surpass its counterparts of the same period in China separately in number, variety, craftsmanship and cultural connotation. Jiahu witnessed the first cultural peak of East Asia in the past tens of thousands of years. Although sharing the same value with the ancient cultures fostered by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in West Asia during the same period, Jiahu has been taken as the brightest star.
贾湖遗址位于河南省漯河市舞阳县北舞渡镇贾湖村，核心保护区面积5.5万平方米，是一处规模较大、保存完整、文化积淀极为丰厚的新石器时代前期聚落遗址。距今9000至7500年，这里出土的文物数量庞大、品类丰富、制作精美、内涵深厚，为全国其他同时期遗存所罕见。贾湖遗址被誉为东亚地区万年以来第一座历史丰碑和文化高峰，与同时期西亚两河流域的远古文化相映生辉，是当时最耀眼的文化明星。
Since 1983, over 6,000 cultural relics have been discovered successively, including pottery wares, stone implements, bone tools, horns, teeth, etc., after 8 rounds of archaeological excavations in about 3,000-square-meter site. Here China's earliest musical instrument with 7 sound holes, tripod-shaped wares, turquoise ornaments and domestically-cultivated soybeans were unearthed as well as China's one of the earliest forms of writing and one of the earliest wines. Jiahu is proved to be one of the birthplaces of the earliest animal domestication, fish breeding, rice planting, textile industry, primitive religion and divination in ancient China, therefore it has registered in both China's 100 major archaeological discoveries of the 20th century and China's 100 major archaeological discoveries in the past century.
自1983年至今，贾湖遗址经过8次考古发掘，发掘面积达3000多平方米，出土陶、石、骨、角、牙等文物6000余件。考古研究成果丰硕，发现了最早的七声音阶乐器、最早的鼎形器、最早的绿松石装饰物、最早的栽培大豆、最早的文字雏形之一及酒类。此外，贾湖遗址揭示了家畜驯养、渔类养殖、稻作农业、纺织业、原始宗教与卜筮的起源地，被评为中国20世纪百项考古大发现之一，并入选全国“百年百大考古发现”。（赵汉青 杨佳欣 张雅涵）